Background: Rare ginsenosides in Panax quinquefolius L. have strong bioactivities. The fact that it is hard to obtain large amounts of rare ginsenosides seriously restricts further research on these compounds. An easy, fast, and efficient method to obtain different kinds of rare ginsenosides simultaneously and to quantify each one precisely is urgently needed.
Methods: Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was used to extract nine kinds of rare ginsenosides from P. quinquefolius L. In this article, rare ginsenosides [20(S)-Rhl, 20(R)-Rhl, Rg6, F4, Rk3, 20(S)-Rg3, 20(R)-Rg3, Rk1, and Rg5] were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. The quantity information of rare ginsenosides was analyzed by HPLC-UV at 203 nm.
Results: The optimal conditions for MAE were using water as solvent with the material ratio of 1:40 (w/v) at a temperature of 145 degrees C, and extracting for 15 min under microwave power of 1,600 W. Seven kinds of rare ginsenosides 120(S)-Rh1, 20(R)-Rh1, Rg6, F4, Rk3, Rk1, and Rg5] had high extraction yields, but those of 20(S)-Rg3 and 20(R)-Rg3 were lower. Compared with the conventional method, the extraction yields of the nine rare ginsenosides were significantly increased.
Conclusion: The results indicate that rare ginsenosides can be extracted effectively by MAE from P. quinquefolius L in a short time. Microwave radiation plays an important role in MAE. The probable generation process of rare ginsenosides is also discussed in the article. It will be meaningful for further investigation or application of rare ginsenosides. Copyright (C) 2016, The Korean Society of Ginseng, Published by Elsevier.
[1]Jilin Univ, China Japan Union Hosp, Ctr Sci Res, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China.
[2]Jilin Univ, Coll Chem, 2519 Jiefang St, Changchun 130012, Jilin, Peoples R China.
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